SEMESTER I
Human and Medicine
Medicine in antiquity (Primitive Medicine, Indian Medicine, Chinese Medicine, Egyptian Medicine, Greek Medicine, Roman Medicine)
Dawn of scientific medicine
Modern medicine
Medical revolution
Socio-cultural aspects of health in Nepal
Eugenics
Alternative medicine
Medical ethics
Concept of Health and Disease
Definition of health and well-being
Dimensions and determinants of health
Epidemiological triad
Theories of disease causation
Natural history of disease
Risk factor concept
Concept of control of disease
Levels of prevention
Modes of intervention
Primary health care
Goals/targets set to achieve "Health for All"
Critical review of HFA 2000
Revitalizing primary health care
MDGs in the context of Nepal
Nutrition-I
Protein-energy malnutrition
Iron deficiency
Vitamin A deficiency
Determinants of nutritional status of individual/ community
Nutritional sources and requirements
Balanced diet
Nutritional deficiency disorders e.g. PEM, Iron deficiency, Vitamin A deficiency
Nutritional problems in Nepal
Nutritional status assessment in a community
Nutrition-II
Iodine deficiency disorders (IDD)
Magnitude of the problem in Nepal
Community assessment of IDD
Zinc deficiency
Salt fortification
Environment Health-I
Environment-physical environment inside and outside the home
Water-safe water, potable water
Purification of water at the household and community levels
Waste disposal- the necessity of waste disposal and General principles of waste disposal
Excreta disposal-necessity of excreta disposal, General principles of excreta disposal
Family environment and principles of good housing
Biostatistics-I
Need of biostatistics in medicine
Statistical method
Frequency distribution
Measure of central tendency
SEMESTER II
Epidemiology-I
Definition of epidemiology
Uses of epidemiology in hospital, community and health planning
Basic measure in epidemiology e.g. rate, ratio and proportion
Mortality: concepts of crude, specific and standard prevalence of disease
Significance of time place and person distribution in epidemiology
Sources of epidemiological data
Information Education Communication (IEC)
Health educational methods including A-V aids for individual, group & mass
Significance, advantages and disadvantage of the methods
Planning a health education program
Information, education and communication strategies
Evaluation of health education activities
Environmental Health-II
Air pollution source, effects, control , greenhouse effect, ozone layer
Energy conservation: alternate source of energy
Noise pollution: sources, effects and control
Ventilation
Lighting
Radiation hazards
Hospital waste management
Urban health
Global warming
Meteorology of medical relevance
Entomology: Mosquito, Housefly, Lice, Ticks, Fleas, Sand-fly, Reduviid bugs, Rodents and their control
Demography
Importance of demography
Demography cycle
World population trend: regional difference, birth and death rate
Growth Rate
Transmigration
Demographic trends of the country: age and sex composition, age pyramids
Sex ratio, density of population, family size, urbanization, literacy, life expectancy
Fertility- determinants of fertility: biological and behavioral determinants
Fertility related statistics
Effect on population of changes in birth, death and growth rates
Vital statistics and method of collection: census, registration of vital events
Hospital records, population surveys
SEMESTER III
Sociology
Types of family
Function of family
Role of family in health and disease
Culture factors influencing health and disease
Social organization and community participation
Measurement of the socio-economic status of a family and its importance in health and disease
Community Diagnosis Orientation (Collect demographic data and study)
The Community environment
Family environment
Family support system
Water collection/storage
Refuse/waste disposal
Customs/beliefs during pregnancy, lactation, postpartum
Customs/practices towards elderly/ disabled
Illness behavior
Food practices/customs/ beliefs
Beliefs about family size/ son (male) preference
Child rearing practices
Acute morbidity in the family
Follow up a pregnant woman, neonate, under five year child to record growth and development
Diet pattern of a pregnant, lactating and postpartum woman
Follow up an adolescent
Follow up elderly/disabled persons
Follow up eligible couples and provide family planning advice
Family Medicine
Identify and diagnose illness in the family
Follow up and study response(s) of the individual /family/community to the specific illness
Identify and diagnose and manage illness in the family as a family physician to acquire familiarity with the common illnesses such as:
Acute respiratory infections
Rubella
Mumps
Diphtheria
Pertussis
Chickenpox
Pneumonia
Tuberculosis
Measles
Diarrhea
Fever
HIV and AIDS
Bronchial asthma
COPD
SEMESTER IV
Epidemiology-II
Epidemiology studies; descriptive, analytical and experimental
Basic concepts about transmission of infectious agents
Principles of control about communicable disease
Principles of control of non-communicable disease
Investigation and control of an epidemic
Epidemiological principles underlying screening
Distinction between screening and diagnostic test
Calculate: sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value etc. for screening test
Collect and interpret clinical, psycho-social information from patient/ family to understand the natural history of a disease
Behavioral science
Factors affecting behavior attitude
Attitudes, nature, development
Cognitive development
Puberty and adolescence
Behavior problem
Sexual behavior
Normal and abnormal behaviors
Implications of behavior in illness
Methods to change attitude behavior
Measurement of attitudes
Questionnaire/pre-testing and validation of a questionnaire/ interview schedule
The need for counseling in various situations (e.g. HIV/AIDS affected person)
Proper approach and attitude of counselor
Communication skills required of a counselor
Community based integrated management of childhood illness (CBIMNCI)
Introduction to CB IMNCI and orientation to the global problem
Importance of CB IMNCI in family medicine
SEMESTER VI
Communicable Diseases
Respiratory diseases (TB, Influenza, SARS)
Vector borne diseases (Malaria, Filaria, Dengue, Leishmaniasis )
Intestinal infection (Acute Diarrheal Diseases, Viral Hepatitis , Typhoid fever, Cholera)
Zoonosis (Rabies, Japanese Encephalitis, Chikungunya, Yellow Fever, Plague, Leptospirosis)
Surface infections (STDs, HIV/AIDS, Leprosy)
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Hospital acquired infections
National Plans for Communicable Diseases
Malaria
STD / AIDS
Pulmonary tuberculosis
Leprosy
Kala-azar
Vaccine preventable diseases (VPDs) included in the Expanded Program of Immunization: cold chain and surveillance of VPDs
Diarrheal diseases
Occupational Health
Working environment: health hazards of industrial and agricultural workers
Common occupational diseases
Industrial toxic substances, health hazards & international safety limits
Principles of control of occupational diseases
Legal aspects
Mental Health
Problem of mental health
Assessment of mental health
Causes of mental ill health
Types of mental illness
Mental development in children
Mental retardation
Conversion reaction
Schizophrenia
Depression
Alcoholism & drug abuse/addiction
Suicide a deliberate self-harm
Problem of sexuality & gender disorders
Prevention of mental ill health
Mental health services in Nepal
Epilepsy
Non-communicable Diseases
Epidemiology of non-communicable diseases
Nutritional disorders
Rheumatic heart diseases
Coronary heart diseases
Hypertension
Cancers
Blindness
Diabetes
Obesity
Accidents
National Plans for Non-communicable Diseases
National plan on non-communicable diseases
Program for control of Iodine Deficiency Disorders, Blindness control programs
Program for control of other Nutritional Disorders e.g. nutritional anemia, Night Blindness etc.
Impairment / Disability / Handicap: Definitions and concepts
Assessment of Impairment / Disability / Handicap: e.g. Post-Polio residual paralysis
Programs for rehabilitation at the individual and community levels
Community based rehabilitation
SEMESTER - VII
Reproductive Health
Maternal and child health
Safe motherhood
Magnitude of the problem
Maternal morbidity and mortality
Under 5 year child morbidity and mortality
Breast feeding and weaning
Family planning methods
National Health programs for specific age group
School health program
Problems for the elderly
Social organizations to assist the elderly
EPI – Info
How to design a computer compatible questionnaire in “EPED”
How to “ENTER” data in the questionnaire
Simple forms of “CHECK” programs while entering data e.g. range checks, legal values etc
“ANALYSIS” of data set
Cleaning of data set
Frequencies and other tables
Graphical output
Cross-tabulations
Health Planning and Management
Primary health care
Management of health resources
Planning and organization of health services in Nepal
Health team at district hospital, health post etc.
Voluntary agencies in health care
Evaluation of a health program: epidemiology and management principles
Need of health economics.
Concepts of cost benefit and cost effectiveness
Health delivery system in Nepal
Evolution of health services
Organization of health delivery system in Nepal from center (MoH) to Sub Health Post functions of different category health personnel
Inferential Statistics
Probability
Normal distribution, Poison distribution, Binomial distribution
Estimation of standard error
Confidence interval
Tests of significance
Concepts of alpha and beta error
Bias and random error
Sample size calculation
Sampling
Correlation and regression
Disaster Management
Definitions of Calamity, Disaster- natural and man-made
Concepts of Hazard and Vulnerability
Disaster Cycle
Planning for Disaster management
Disaster management committee: constituents, line of command etc.
Relief measures: when and what to ask for?
Concept of Triage
Practical play in a disaster situation
Simulated exercise on patient triage
International Health
Need of International Health Organization
Structure and functions of WHO
Other UN agencies and their role in Health care
Bilateral Health Agencies
Non-government International Health Agencies
Research Methodology
Introduction
Types of research: Descriptive/Experimental/Non-experimental
Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Writing a research Proposal/Conduct Research Project/ Writing a research report
